Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas 10 Semester 2: Contoh Soal dan Kunci Jawaban Lengkap

1. Read the following text carefully. Tigers are the largest of all wild cats and are renowned for their power and strength. They are native to Asia and are solitary animals, usually hunting alone. A tiger’s coat is yellowish-orange with distinctive black stripes, and no two tigers have the same stripe pattern. What is the main characteristic that makes tigers unique among wild cats according to the text?

• Their speed
• Their size
• Their striped coat pattern
• Their hunting method

Answer: Their striped coat pattern

Explanation: The text states, ‘no two tigers have the same stripe pattern,’ indicating this as a unique characteristic.

2. Which sentence uses the correct passive voice structure?

• He reads a book.
• A book is read by him.
• A book is reading by him.
• He is read a book.

Answer: A book is read by him.

Explanation: The passive voice is formed with ‘to be’ + past participle. ‘Is read’ correctly forms the passive voice for the present simple.

3. If I study hard, I _______ pass the exam.

• will
• would
• would have
• had

Answer: will

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 1 (real conditional), which uses the present simple in the ‘if’ clause and ‘will + base form’ in the main clause.

4. She said, ‘I am going to Jakarta tomorrow.’ What is the reported speech of this sentence?

• She said that I was going to Jakarta tomorrow.
• She said that she was going to Jakarta the next day.
• She said that she is going to Jakarta tomorrow.
• She said that she had gone to Jakarta the next day.

Answer: She said that she was going to Jakarta the next day.

Explanation: When reporting speech, the tense shifts (present continuous to past continuous), pronouns change (I to she), and time expressions change (tomorrow to the next day).

5. The word ‘crucial’ in the sentence ‘Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health’ is closest in meaning to…

• unimportant
• optional
• vital
• difficult

Answer: vital

Explanation: ‘Crucial’ means extremely important or essential, which is synonymous with ‘vital’.

6. If I had known about the party, I _______ there.

• would go
• would have gone
• will go
• go

Answer: would have gone

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 3 (unreal past conditional), which uses the past perfect in the ‘if’ clause and ‘would have + past participle’ in the main clause.

7. The manager _______ the new policy before he left for vacation.

• announced
• has announced
• had announced
• is announcing

Answer: had announced

Explanation: The Past Perfect Tense (‘had announced’) is used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past (‘left for vacation’).

8. Many people believe that keeping pets provides numerous benefits for human well-being. Firstly, pets offer companionship and reduce feelings of loneliness. Secondly, interacting with pets can lower stress levels and blood pressure. Furthermore, dog owners often engage in more physical activity due to walking their dogs, leading to better cardiovascular health. Therefore, pets are more than just animals; they are beneficial companions. What is the author’s main argument in this text?

• Pets require a lot of care.
• Keeping pets has many health benefits.
• Dogs are better pets than cats.
• Pets can be expensive to keep.

Answer: Keeping pets has many health benefits.

Explanation: The text provides several reasons and examples to support the idea that pets offer numerous benefits for human well-being, which is the main argument.

9. The old house _______ by a famous architect in the 19th century.

• built
• was built
• has built
• is building

Answer: was built

Explanation: The sentence describes an action in the past completed by someone else (the architect) affecting the house, making passive voice (past simple) appropriate.

10. If she _______ here, she would help us.

• is
• was
• were
• had been

Answer: were

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 2 (unreal present conditional). For the verb ‘to be’ in the ‘if’ clause of Type 2, ‘were’ is used for all subjects.

11. He asked, ‘Where is the nearest bus stop?’ What is the reported question?

• He asked where was the nearest bus stop.
• He asked where the nearest bus stop was.
• He asked where the nearest bus stop is.
• He asked if the nearest bus stop was.

Answer: He asked where the nearest bus stop was.

Explanation: In reported questions, the word order becomes statement-like (subject + verb), and the tense shifts (is to was).

12. The company _______ its new product to the market next month.

• introduces
• will introduce
• introduced
• has introduced

Answer: will introduce

Explanation: The phrase ‘next month’ indicates a future action, so the simple future tense ‘will introduce’ is correct.

13. The antonym of ‘ancient’ is…

• old
• modern
• historical
• traditional

Answer: modern

Explanation: ‘Ancient’ refers to something from a very long time ago, while ‘modern’ refers to something current or new.

14. They decided _______ a new house.

• buy
• to buy
• buying
• bought

Answer: to buy

Explanation: The verb ‘decide’ is typically followed by an infinitive (to + base form of verb).

15. You _______ submit your assignment by Friday. It’s mandatory.

• might
• could
• should
• must

Answer: must

Explanation: ‘Must’ is used to express strong obligation or necessity, indicated by ‘It’s mandatory’.

16. Read the following short paragraph: Dolphins are marine mammals closely related to whales and porpoises. They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid. From the text, what can be inferred about dolphins’ diet?

• They only eat fish.
• They are herbivores.
• They eat both plants and animals.
• They primarily eat fish and squid.

Answer: They primarily eat fish and squid.

Explanation: The text explicitly states ‘are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid,’ which implies their primary diet.

17. If he had apologized, she _______ him.

• would forgive
• would have forgiven
• will forgive
• forgives

Answer: would have forgiven

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 3, requiring ‘would have + past participle’ in the main clause after the ‘if’ clause with past perfect.

18. The new bridge _______ by the government last year.

• is built
• was built
• has built
• builds

Answer: was built

Explanation: The phrase ‘last year’ indicates a past action, and the bridge is the receiver of the action, so the past simple passive (‘was built’) is correct.

19. He told me, ‘Please close the door.’ How would you report this command?

• He told me to close the door.
• He told me that I close the door.
• He told me closing the door.
• He asked me if I closed the door.

Answer: He told me to close the door.

Explanation: Commands and requests are reported using ‘tell/ask + object + to-infinitive’.

20. Before I moved to this city, I _______ in a small village for ten years.

• live
• lived
• had lived
• was living

Answer: had lived

Explanation: The Past Perfect Tense (‘had lived’) is used to indicate an action that was completed before another past action (‘moved to this city’).

1. Rewrite the following sentence in Conditional Sentence Type 2: ‘She doesn’t have enough money, so she can’t buy the dress.’

Answer: If she had enough money, she would buy the dress.

Explanation: Conditional Type 2 expresses an unreal or hypothetical situation in the present. The ‘if’ clause uses the simple past, and the main clause uses ‘would + base verb’. The original statement is negated, so the conditional assumes the opposite.

2. Explain one characteristic of a Report Text.

Answer: A Report Text presents information about something in general, based on objective facts and scientific classification. It typically describes things as they are, without personal opinion or persuasion.

Explanation: Report texts focus on objective, factual information about a general topic, classifying and describing it neutrally.

3. What does the idiom ‘break a leg’ mean?

Answer: ‘Break a leg’ is an idiom used to wish someone good luck, especially before a performance or presentation.

Explanation: Idioms are phrases whose meaning cannot be understood from the ordinary meaning of its words. ‘Break a leg’ is a common idiomatic expression for ‘good luck’.

4. Change the following sentence into passive voice: ‘They will build a new school next year.’

Answer: A new school will be built (by them) next year.

Explanation: To change to passive voice, the object ‘a new school’ becomes the subject, ‘will build’ becomes ‘will be built’ (modal + be + past participle), and ‘by them’ is optional but clarifies the agent.

5. Read the following paragraph: ‘Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of modern life. They enable instant communication, provide access to vast amounts of information, and offer entertainment. However, their overuse can lead to negative consequences such as addiction, decreased face-to-face interaction, and privacy concerns. Therefore, a balanced approach to mobile phone usage is crucial.’ Is this an example of a Report Text or an Analytical Exposition Text? Justify your answer.

Answer: This is an Analytical Exposition Text. It presents a thesis (mobile phones are an indispensable part but overuse has consequences), provides arguments for and against, and concludes with a recommendation or reaffirmation of the thesis. It aims to persuade the reader of a particular viewpoint.

Explanation: Analytical Exposition texts present an argument or viewpoint supported by evidence and aim to persuade the reader, unlike Report Texts which simply present factual information.

1. Write a short analytical exposition paragraph (at least 5 sentences) arguing for the importance of protecting endangered animals.

Answer: Protecting endangered animals is a critical responsibility for humanity. Firstly, every species plays a unique role in maintaining ecological balance; the loss of one can trigger a domino effect across entire ecosystems. Secondly, many endangered species hold significant scientific and medicinal value, potentially offering cures or new insights into biology. Furthermore, preserving biodiversity enriches our planet’s natural heritage and contributes to the aesthetic and cultural value of diverse ecosystems. If we fail to act, future generations will be deprived of these invaluable creatures. Therefore, conservation efforts are not merely about saving animals, but about safeguarding the health and future of our planet.

Explanation: An Analytical Exposition text requires a clear thesis statement, supporting arguments with explanations, and a concluding statement that reinforces the thesis. This model answer demonstrates these elements.

2. Explain the main differences between Conditional Sentence Type 1 and Conditional Sentence Type 2, providing an example for each.

Answer: Conditional Sentence Type 1 (Real Conditional) is used to express real or very probable situations in the present or future. It follows the structure: If + present simple, will + base verb. Example: ‘If it rains, I will stay home.’ This implies there’s a real possibility of rain and staying home. Conditional Sentence Type 2 (Unreal Conditional) is used for hypothetical or imaginary situations in the present or future, or for situations that are unlikely to happen. It follows the structure: If + simple past, would + base verb. Example: ‘If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.’ This implies that winning the lottery is unlikely or purely imaginary. The key difference lies in the likelihood of the condition being met.

Explanation: The explanation clearly defines each type, provides the structure, and gives a distinct example, highlighting the core difference: Type 1 for real/probable, Type 2 for unreal/unlikely scenarios.

3. Discuss the importance of reading comprehension skills in academic and daily life.

Answer: Reading comprehension is fundamentally important in both academic and daily life. Academically, it enables students to understand textbooks, research papers, and exam questions, which is crucial for learning and achieving good grades across all subjects. Without strong comprehension, even basic instructions can be misunderstood. In daily life, good reading comprehension allows individuals to interpret news articles, legal documents, contracts, product labels, and emails accurately, preventing misunderstandings and enabling informed decision-making. It empowers individuals to navigate complex information, engage critically with ideas, and effectively communicate, thus fostering continuous learning and active participation in society. Essentially, it’s a gateway to knowledge and effective living.

Explanation: This model answer covers both academic and daily life importance, providing specific examples for each, thus comprehensively addressing the prompt.

4. Imagine you are writing a report about a local endangered species. What key information would you include in your report to inform the public effectively?

Answer: To effectively inform the public about a local endangered species, my report would include several key pieces of information. Firstly, I would introduce the species, stating its common and scientific name, physical description, and its natural habitat. Secondly, I would detail its current conservation status and provide an estimate of its remaining population. Thirdly, it’s crucial to explain the primary threats leading to its endangerment, such as habitat loss, poaching, climate change, or pollution. Finally, and most importantly, I would outline current conservation efforts being undertaken and suggest practical actions the public can take to help, such as supporting conservation organizations, reducing their ecological footprint, or raising awareness.

Explanation: This answer outlines a structured approach to writing a report, hitting all necessary elements for informing the public about an endangered species, consistent with the nature of a ‘report text’ and public awareness.

5. Create three sentences using Reported Speech, transforming a direct statement, a direct question, and a direct command/request.

Answer: 1. Direct Statement: ‘I finished my homework.’ Reported Speech: ‘She said that she had finished her homework.’ 2. Direct Question: ‘Are you coming to the party?’ Reported Speech: ‘He asked me if I was coming to the party.’ 3. Direct Command/Request: ‘Please help me carry these books.’ Reported Speech: ‘She asked him to help her carry those books.’

Explanation: The answer provides clear examples for transforming different types of direct speech into reported speech, correctly applying tense, pronoun, and time/place adverb changes as well as the appropriate reporting verbs and structures.

1. Match the vocabulary word in Column A with its correct definition in Column B. Column A: 1. Crucial 2. Diverse 3. Sustain 4. Diminish 5. Habitat Column B: A. Strengthen or support physically or mentally; to keep in existence. B. Extremely important or essential. C. The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism. D. Showing a great deal of variety; very different. E. Make or become less.

Answer: 1. Crucial – B. Extremely important or essential. 2. Diverse – D. Showing a great deal of variety; very different. 3. Sustain – A. Strengthen or support physically or mentally; to keep in existence. 4. Diminish – E. Make or become less. 5. Habitat – C. The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.

Explanation: This exercise tests general vocabulary knowledge and the ability to associate words with their correct meanings.

2. Match the grammar concept or text type in Column A with its example sentence or characteristic in Column B. Column A: 1. Passive Voice 2. Conditional Type 1 3. Reported Speech 4. Analytical Exposition Column B: A. If it rains, we will stay inside. B. Exercise is vital because it boosts energy and reduces stress, leading to a healthier lifestyle. C. The car was repaired by the mechanic. D. She said that she was tired.

Answer: 1. Passive Voice – C. The car was repaired by the mechanic. 2. Conditional Type 1 – A. If it rains, we will stay inside. 3. Reported Speech – D. She said that she was tired. 4. Analytical Exposition – B. Exercise is vital because it boosts energy and reduces stress, leading to a healthier lifestyle.

Explanation: This exercise checks understanding of key grammar structures and text types, matching the concept to its application.