Contoh Soal Bahasa Inggris Grammar: Latihan Lengkap Pilihan Ganda, Esai, dan Menjodohkan

1. She ______ to Jakarta last month.

• go
• goes
• went
• gone

Answer: went

Explanation: Kalimat ini menggunakan keterangan waktu ‘last month’ yang mengindikasikan peristiwa di masa lampau, sehingga menggunakan Simple Past Tense (verb 2).

2. If I ______ a bird, I would fly to you.

• am
• was
• were
• would be

Answer: were

Explanation: Ini adalah Conditional Type 2, yang digunakan untuk menyatakan situasi hipotetis atau tidak nyata di masa sekarang. Dalam Conditional Type 2, ‘be’ selalu menggunakan ‘were’ untuk semua subjek.

3. The book ______ by John was very interesting.

• writes
• writing
• wrote
• written

Answer: written

Explanation: Ini adalah bentuk ‘reduced relative clause’ atau ‘past participle as an adjective’. ‘Written by John’ berarti ‘which was written by John’.

4. He said that he ______ busy the previous day.

• is
• was
• has been
• had been

Answer: had been

Explanation: Ini adalah Reported Speech. ‘Yesterday’ (direct speech) berubah menjadi ‘the previous day’ (reported speech), dan ‘was busy’ (Past Simple) berubah menjadi ‘had been busy’ (Past Perfect).

5. They ______ for two hours when I arrived.

• wait
• are waiting
• were waiting
• had been waiting

Answer: had been waiting

Explanation: Kalimat ini menggunakan Past Perfect Continuous Tense untuk menunjukkan aksi yang telah berlangsung selama periode waktu tertentu di masa lalu sebelum aksi lain terjadi.

6. You ______ finish your homework before watching TV.

• can
• might
• should
• would

Answer: should

Explanation: ‘Should’ digunakan untuk memberikan nasihat atau rekomendasi.

7. The cat jumped ______ the table.

• in
• at
• on
• for

Answer: on

Explanation: ‘On’ digunakan untuk menunjukkan posisi di permukaan sesuatu.

8. ______ sun rises in the east.

• A
• An
• The
• No article

Answer: The

Explanation: ‘The’ digunakan untuk benda unik atau spesifik yang hanya ada satu.

9. She is interested ______ learning new languages.

• at
• on
• in
• for

Answer: in

Explanation: Frasa ‘interested in’ adalah preposisi yang umum digunakan setelah kata sifat ‘interested’.

10. I don’t have ______ money left.

• some
• many
• much
• any

Answer: any

Explanation: ‘Any’ digunakan dalam kalimat negatif atau pertanyaan untuk kata benda tak terhitung (uncountable nouns) atau kata benda jamak (plural nouns).

11. He drives ______ than his brother.

• careful
• carefully
• most carefully
• more carefully

Answer: more carefully

Explanation: Ini adalah perbandingan antar adverb (cara mengemudi). Bentuk komparatif dari ‘carefully’ adalah ‘more carefully’.

12. The news ______ shocking.

• were
• are
• was
• be

Answer: was

Explanation: ‘News’ meskipun berakhiran ‘s’, adalah kata benda tak terhitung (uncountable noun) dan dianggap tunggal, sehingga menggunakan kata kerja tunggal.

13. Could you please tell me ______ ?

• where is the nearest bank
• where the nearest bank is
• is where the nearest bank
• the nearest bank is where

Answer: where the nearest bank is

Explanation: Ini adalah ’embedded question’ atau ‘indirect question’. Dalam struktur ini, urutan kata setelah ‘question word’ (where) adalah subjek diikuti kata kerja (the nearest bank is), bukan inversi seperti pada pertanyaan langsung.

14. Despite ______ hard, he failed the exam.

• to study
• study
• studied
• studying

Answer: studying

Explanation: Setelah preposisi seperti ‘despite’ atau ‘in spite of’, kita menggunakan gerund (verb-ing).

15. If she had known, she ______ you.

• would tell
• will tell
• had told
• would have told

Answer: would have told

Explanation: Ini adalah Conditional Type 3, yang digunakan untuk menyatakan situasi hipotetis di masa lalu yang tidak terjadi. Strukturnya adalah ‘If + Past Perfect, Subject + would have + Past Participle’.

16. Neither John ______ Mary was at the party.

• or
• but
• nor
• and

Answer: nor

Explanation: Konjungsi ‘neither…nor’ digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua subjek negatif. Kata kerja mengikuti subjek kedua.

17. The letter ______ yesterday.

• delivered
• was delivered
• is delivered
• has delivered

Answer: was delivered

Explanation: Kalimat ini dalam bentuk Passive Voice karena subjek (‘the letter’) tidak melakukan tindakan, tetapi menerima tindakan. Keterangan waktu ‘yesterday’ menunjukkan Past Simple.

18. He warned me ______ the broken glass.

• of
• from
• about
• for

Answer: about

Explanation: Kata kerja ‘warn’ diikuti oleh preposisi ‘about’ ketika memperingatkan tentang suatu bahaya atau masalah.

19. I wish I ______ rich.

• am
• was
• were
• will be

Answer: were

Explanation: Dalam kalimat ‘wish’ yang menyatakan harapan untuk situasi yang tidak nyata atau tidak mungkin di masa sekarang, kita menggunakan ‘Past Simple’ (subjungtif) dan ‘be’ selalu ‘were’ untuk semua subjek.

20. By next year, I ______ my degree.

• will finish
• am finishing
• will have finished
• have finished

Answer: will have finished

Explanation: ‘By next year’ adalah penanda waktu untuk Future Perfect Tense, yang menunjukkan suatu aksi yang akan selesai pada atau sebelum waktu tertentu di masa depan.

1. Correct the error: ‘He don’t like coffee.’

Answer: He doesn’t like coffee.

Explanation: Pada Simple Present Tense, untuk subjek orang ketiga tunggal (he, she, it), kata kerja bantu ‘do’ berubah menjadi ‘does’ dalam bentuk negatif dan pertanyaan.

2. Transform the sentence into Passive Voice: ‘People speak English all over the world.’

Answer: English is spoken all over the world.

Explanation: Dalam Passive Voice, objek dari kalimat aktif menjadi subjek, kata kerja utama diubah ke bentuk ‘be’ + Past Participle (verb 3), dan subjek kalimat aktif (jika disebutkan) menjadi agen dengan ‘by’.

3. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb: ‘If I knew the answer, I ______ (tell) you.’

Answer: would tell

Explanation: Ini adalah Conditional Type 2, yang memiliki struktur ‘If + Simple Past, Subject + would + base form of verb’.

4. Combine the two sentences using a suitable conjunction: ‘She was tired. She went to bed early.’

Answer: She was tired, so she went to bed early.

Explanation: ‘So’ adalah konjungsi yang tepat untuk menunjukkan hubungan sebab-akibat, di mana kelelahan adalah penyebab dia pergi tidur lebih awal.

5. What is the correct preposition in this sentence: ‘I am good ______ swimming.’

Answer: at

Explanation: Frasa ‘good at’ digunakan untuk menyatakan kemampuan atau keahlian dalam suatu aktivitas.

1. Explain the key differences between the Present Perfect Tense and the Past Simple Tense in English, providing an example for each.

Answer: The Present Perfect Tense is used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or for past actions with a result or relevance to the present, often without a specific past time. It uses ‘have/has + past participle’. For example, ‘I have lived in London for five years’ (implying I still live there). The Past Simple Tense, on the other hand, is used for completed actions that happened at a specific time in the past, and has no connection to the present. It uses the base verb’s past form (verb 2). For example, ‘I lived in London from 2000 to 2005’ (implying I no longer live there). The main difference lies in their connection to the present: Present Perfect has one, Past Simple does not.

Explanation: Jawaban ini menjelaskan definisi, struktur, dan perbedaan utama antara kedua tenses, disertai contoh yang jelas untuk mengilustrasikan perbedaan koneksi waktu ke masa sekarang.

2. Write a short paragraph (50-70 words) about your daily routine, incorporating at least three different tenses (e.g., Present Simple, Present Continuous, Future Simple).

Answer: Every morning, I wake up at 6 AM and prepare for my day. Currently, I am studying for an important exam, so I spend an hour reviewing notes before breakfast. After eating, I usually walk to the library. This evening, I will meet my study group to discuss our progress. We plan to finish the main topics by tomorrow. On weekends, I often visit my family and relax.

Explanation: Model jawaban ini berhasil menggabungkan Present Simple (I wake up, I walk, I visit), Present Continuous (I am studying), dan Future Simple (I will meet, We plan to finish) untuk mendeskripsikan rutinitas dan rencana.

3. Discuss the importance of subject-verb agreement in English sentences. Provide at least two distinct examples.

Answer: Subject-verb agreement is crucial in English to ensure grammatical correctness and clarity. It dictates that the verb in a sentence must match its subject in number (singular or plural). If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular; if the subject is plural, the verb must be plural. Failing to maintain agreement leads to awkward and incorrect sentences. For instance, ‘The dog barks loudly’ is correct because ‘dog’ is singular, so the verb ‘barks’ (singular form) is used. An incorrect example would be ‘The dogs barks loudly’. The correct plural form is ‘The dogs bark loudly’. Another example: ‘Every student needs a calculator.’ Here, ‘Every student’ acts as a singular subject, requiring the singular verb ‘needs’, not ‘need’. Proper agreement helps convey meaning accurately.

Explanation: Jawaban ini menjelaskan konsep subject-verb agreement, pentingnya, dan menyediakan dua contoh yang jelas untuk subjek tunggal/jamak dan frasa distributif.

4. Explain when and how to use the definite article ‘the’ in English, giving two specific usage rules and examples.

Answer: The definite article ‘the’ is used to refer to specific or particular nouns that have already been mentioned or are commonly known. Firstly, ‘the’ is used when referring to something unique or one-of-a-kind. For example, ‘The sun is shining brightly’ because there is only one sun. Secondly, it is used when the noun is already known to the speaker and listener, or has been previously introduced in the conversation. For instance, ‘I saw a dog in the park. The dog was very friendly.’ Here, ‘the dog’ refers to the specific dog mentioned earlier. It is not used with general plural nouns or uncountable nouns when speaking generally.

Explanation: Jawaban ini menjelaskan dua aturan utama penggunaan ‘the’ (untuk benda unik dan benda yang sudah spesifik/dikenal) disertai contoh yang relevan.

5. Describe the formation and usage of Conditional Sentence Type 3. Provide an example.

Answer: Conditional Sentence Type 3 is used to talk about hypothetical situations in the past that did not happen, and their imagined consequences. It expresses regret or something contrary to fact. The structure is ‘If + Past Perfect (had + V3), Subject + would have + Past Participle (V3)’. The ‘if’ clause describes the unreal past condition, and the main clause describes the unreal past result. For example, ‘If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.’ This sentence implies that I did not study harder, and consequently, I did not pass the exam. It’s used for imagining different outcomes of past events.

Explanation: Jawaban ini menjelaskan struktur dan fungsi Conditional Type 3 dengan jelas, serta memberikan contoh yang menunjukkan situasi masa lalu yang tidak terjadi dan konsekuensinya yang tidak terwujud.

1. Match the tenses with their common time expressions.

Answer: Match each tense on the left with its most common time expression on the right.

Explanation: Tenses memiliki indikator waktu spesifik yang sering digunakan untuk mengenali atau membentuk kalimat yang benar dalam tense tersebut.

2. Match the beginning of the sentence on the left with its correct ending on the right to form a grammatically correct sentence.

Answer: Match the sentence fragments to create grammatically correct and meaningful sentences.

Explanation: Latihan ini menguji pemahaman tentang struktur kalimat, konjungsi, dan kesesuaian makna.