Kumpulan Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas 12 Semester 2: Persiapan Ujian Lengkap

1. If I had known about the traffic jam, I _______ an earlier train.

• would take
• will take
• would have taken
• had taken

Answer: would have taken

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 3, used to express hypothetical situations in the past. The structure is ‘If + Past Perfect, Subject + would have + V3’.

2. She said, ‘I will visit my grandparents tomorrow.’ When reported, it becomes:

• She said that she will visit her grandparents tomorrow.
• She said that I would visit my grandparents the next day.
• She said that she would visit her grandparents the next day.
• She said that she visits her grandparents tomorrow.

Answer: She said that she would visit her grandparents the next day.

Explanation: In reported speech, ‘will’ changes to ‘would’, ‘tomorrow’ changes to ‘the next day’ or ‘the following day’, and pronouns are adjusted accordingly.

3. The sentence ‘The car was repaired by the mechanic’ is an example of a/an _______ voice.

• active
• passive
• conditional
• reported

Answer: passive

Explanation: In a passive voice sentence, the subject receives the action. The structure is ‘Subject + be (past participle) + by + agent’.

4. Which of the following sentences best represents the ‘Thesis’ part of an Analytical Exposition text?

• Smoking has been a controversial issue for decades.
• Therefore, governments must enforce stricter regulations.
• Smoking should be banned in public places because it poses serious health risks to everyone.
• Many people enjoy smoking after meals.

Answer: Smoking should be banned in public places because it poses serious health risks to everyone.

Explanation: The thesis statement in an analytical exposition introduces the topic and the writer’s point of view or argument, which will be supported by arguments.

5. The primary purpose of a ‘Hortatory Exposition’ text is to…

• describe a specific event or person.
• explain how something works.
• present arguments from different viewpoints.
• persuade the reader to do something or act in a certain way.

Answer: persuade the reader to do something or act in a certain way.

Explanation: Hortatory exposition aims to persuade the reader that something should or should not be the case, often ending with a recommendation.

6. What is the most appropriate caption for a picture showing a group of students cleaning a park?

• Students in a park.
• A sunny day outside.
• Cleaning up the mess.
• Teamwork makes the dream work: Keeping our environment clean and green!

Answer: Teamwork makes the dream work: Keeping our environment clean and green!

Explanation: A good caption briefly describes or explains the picture’s content, often adding context or a relevant message.

7. Which section is NOT typically found in a formal job application letter?

• Applicant’s address
• Recipient’s address
• Personal diary entry
• Statement of purpose

Answer: Personal diary entry

Explanation: A job application letter follows a formal structure including applicant’s details, employer’s details, salutation, body (introduction, qualifications, closing), and complimentary close. A personal diary entry is irrelevant.

8. You are invited to a seminar. The invitation states, ‘Please RSVP by October 25th.’ What does ‘RSVP’ mean?

• Registration is very simple
• Refreshments will be served promptly
• Respond if you please / Please respond
• Remember to save your place

Answer: Respond if you please / Please respond

Explanation: RSVP is an abbreviation for the French phrase ‘Répondez s’il vous plaît’, which means ‘Please respond’. It requests a reply to an invitation.

9. The man _______ lives next door is a doctor.

• which
• whose
• whom
• who

Answer: who

Explanation: ‘Who’ is a relative pronoun used to refer to people as the subject of the relative clause.

10. _______ it was raining heavily, we decided to go for a walk.

• Because
• Despite
• In spite of
• Although

Answer: Although

Explanation: ‘Although’ is a conjunction used to introduce a subordinate clause which expresses a contrast or concession.

11. The synonym of ‘diligent’ is…

• lazy
• careless
• industrious
• slow

Answer: industrious

Explanation: ‘Diligent’ means having or showing care and conscientiousness in one’s work or duties. ‘Industrious’ means diligent and hard-working.

12. Read the following sentence: ‘The rapid advancement of technology has significantly impacted our daily lives.’ What is the main subject of this sentence?

• technology
• impacted
• our daily lives
• The rapid advancement of technology

Answer: The rapid advancement of technology

Explanation: The main subject is the noun phrase performing the action or being described, which is ‘the rapid advancement of technology’.

13. You _______ wear a helmet when riding a motorcycle. It’s the law.

• might
• should
• could
• must

Answer: must

Explanation: ‘Must’ is used to express strong obligation or necessity.

14. I enjoy _______ English movies in my free time.

• to watch
• watch
• watched
• watching

Answer: watching

Explanation: The verb ‘enjoy’ is typically followed by a gerund (verb + -ing).

15. Adding the prefix ‘un-‘ to an adjective usually means…

• more than the adjective.
• less than the adjective.
• the opposite of the adjective.
• the same as the adjective.

Answer: the opposite of the adjective.

Explanation: The prefix ‘un-‘ typically reverses the meaning of the word it precedes (e.g., happy -> unhappy).

16. She studied very hard for the exam, _______ she passed with flying colors.

• however
• although
• in addition
• consequently

Answer: consequently

Explanation: ‘Consequently’ is an adverb that means ‘as a result’ or ‘therefore’, indicating a cause-and-effect relationship.

17. Which phrase expresses strong agreement?

• I’m not so sure about that.
• Perhaps, but…
• I couldn’t agree more.
• That’s one way of looking at it.

Answer: I couldn’t agree more.

Explanation: ‘I couldn’t agree more’ is a common idiom used to express complete agreement with someone.

18. In your opinion, what is the most important quality for a leader?

• Physical strength
• Fashion sense
• Leadership skills
• Cooking ability

Answer: Leadership skills

Explanation: This is an opinion-based question, but among the choices, ‘Leadership skills’ is the most direct and relevant answer to the question about a leader’s quality.

19. The idiom ‘to break a leg’ means…

• to literally break a leg.
• to get injured.
• good luck.
• to fail miserably.

Answer: good luck.

Explanation: ‘To break a leg’ is an idiom used to wish someone good luck, especially before a performance.

20. The teacher told the students to _______ their assignments by Friday.

• hand off
• hand out
• hand up
• hand in

Answer: hand in

Explanation: ‘Hand in’ is a phrasal verb meaning to submit something, usually paperwork or an assignment.

1. Explain the primary function of an ‘If clause’ (Conditional Clause) Type 2.

Answer: An ‘If clause’ Type 2 is used to talk about hypothetical or improbable situations in the present or future and their unreal or impossible results. It expresses what would happen if a condition that is not true now (or is very unlikely to be true) were true. The structure is: If + Simple Past, Subject + would/could/might + base form of verb.

Explanation: Type 2 conditionals deal with present or future unreal situations and their consequences.

2. Change the following direct speech into reported speech: ‘John said, “I have finished my homework.”‘

Answer: John said that he had finished his homework.

Explanation: When reporting, ‘have finished’ (present perfect) changes to ‘had finished’ (past perfect) and the pronoun ‘I’ changes to ‘he’ to reflect John as the speaker.

3. What are the three main generic structures of an Analytical Exposition text?

Answer: The three main generic structures of an Analytical Exposition text are: 1) Thesis (introducing the topic and the writer’s point of view), 2) Arguments (presenting several arguments to support the thesis), and 3) Reiteration (restating the thesis or writer’s position).

Explanation: Understanding the structure helps in both writing and analyzing exposition texts.

4. Briefly explain the difference between ‘affect’ and ‘effect’.

Answer: Generally, ‘affect’ is a verb meaning ‘to influence’ or ‘to impact’ (e.g., The weather affects my mood). ‘Effect’ is usually a noun meaning ‘the result’ or ‘the consequence’ (e.g., The effect of the medicine was immediate).

Explanation: ‘Affect’ is typically a verb, ‘effect’ is typically a noun. This is a common point of confusion.

5. Why is it important to use formal language in a job application letter?

Answer: It is important to use formal language in a job application letter because it conveys professionalism, respect for the potential employer, and seriousness about the application. Formal language helps create a positive first impression and aligns with the professional nature of the communication.

Explanation: Formal language sets the tone for professional communication and reflects well on the applicant.

1. Write an analytical exposition text of at least 150 words on the topic: ‘Why Learning English is Crucial in the Globalized Era.’

Answer: Thesis: In an increasingly interconnected world, mastering English has become an indispensable skill for individuals seeking to thrive personally and professionally. Its prominence as a global lingua franca makes it crucial for communication, education, and career advancement. Arguments: First, English serves as the primary language of international communication. From business dealings to diplomatic relations and online interactions, proficiency in English enables individuals to connect with people from diverse linguistic backgrounds, fostering understanding and collaboration across borders. Second, English opens doors to a vast reservoir of knowledge and educational opportunities. The majority of academic journals, scientific research, and higher education programs worldwide are published or taught in English. Students with strong English skills can access a broader range of resources, pursue international studies, and engage with global academic communities. Third, English proficiency significantly enhances career prospects. Many multinational corporations and international organizations require their employees to be fluent in English. It allows professionals to participate in global markets, attend international conferences, and work in diverse teams, thereby increasing their employability and potential for growth in various industries. Reiteration: Therefore, it is clear that English is more than just a language; it is a vital tool for navigating the complexities of the modern globalized era. Embracing English learning is an investment in one’s future, offering unparalleled opportunities for personal development and societal contribution.

Explanation: This model answer provides a clear thesis, three distinct arguments supported by reasoning, and a strong reiteration, fulfilling the requirements of an analytical exposition structure and word count. The content directly addresses the prompt about the importance of English in a globalized era.

2. Imagine you are the head of the student organization at your school. Write a formal invitation letter for an ‘Annual School Charity Concert’ event. Include all necessary details such as date, time, venue, purpose, and RSVP information.

Answer: SMA NEGERI HARAPAN BANGSA OSIS (Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah) Jalan Raya Pendidikan No. 10, Jakarta Telp: (021) 1234567 Email: osis.smh@email.com [Date: May 15, 2024] Yth. Bapak/Ibu/Saudara/i [Nama Tamu Undangan/Komunitas], [Jabatan Tamu Undangan (jika relevan)] [Alamat Tamu Undangan] Dengan hormat, Kami, OSIS SMA Negeri Harapan Bangsa, dengan segala kerendahan hati mengundang Bapak/Ibu/Saudara/i untuk menghadiri acara: **Annual School Charity Concert 2024** Tema: ‘Harmony for Humanity: Melodies of Giving’ Acara ini diselenggarakan dengan tujuan mulia untuk menggalang dana bagi korban bencana alam di wilayah [Sebutkan Wilayah, contoh: Sulawesi Tengah] dan mendukung program pendidikan anak-anak kurang mampu. Konser akan menampilkan berbagai bakat seni dari siswa-siswi SMA Negeri Harapan Bangsa serta penampilan spesial dari [Sebutkan Penampil Spesial jika ada, contoh: band lokal kenamaan]. Detail Acara: Hari/Tanggal: Sabtu, 8 Juni 2024 Waktu: Pukul 18.30 – Selesai Tempat: Auditorium Utama SMA Negeri Harapan Bangsa Alamat: Jalan Raya Pendidikan No. 10, Jakarta Kehadiran Bapak/Ibu/Saudara/i akan menjadi kehormatan besar bagi kami dan sangat berarti dalam kesuksesan acara amal ini. Bersama, kita dapat menciptakan harmoni untuk kemanusiaan melalui alunan musik. Mohon konfirmasi kehadiran (RSVP) paling lambat tanggal 1 Juni 2024 kepada: [Nama Kontak: Budi Santoso (Ketua Panitia)] [Nomor Telepon: 0812-3456-7890] Atas perhatian dan kerja sama Bapak/Ibu/Saudara/i, kami ucapkan terima kasih. Hormat kami, [Tanda Tangan] (Dina Cahya Ningrum) Ketua OSIS SMA Negeri Harapan Bangsa

Explanation: This model invitation letter includes all formal elements: school/organization header, date, recipient’s address, formal salutation, clear event title, purpose, essential details (date, time, venue), RSVP information, and a formal closing. It effectively communicates the event details and its charitable objective.

3. Discuss the characteristics and main differences between Analytical Exposition Text and Hortatory Exposition Text. Provide examples of topics suitable for each.

Answer: Analytical Exposition and Hortatory Exposition are both types of argumentative texts that aim to convince the reader. However, they differ significantly in their primary goal and the type of recommendation they present. **Analytical Exposition Text:** * **Characteristic:** Its main purpose is to analyze a topic and persuade the reader that the writer’s argument or opinion is correct. It focuses on ‘what is’ or ‘why something is the case’. * **Structure:** Thesis (introduces the topic and writer’s position), Arguments (presents evidence and reasoning to support the thesis), Reiteration (restates the thesis). * **Recommendation:** It usually ends by simply restating the thesis, reinforcing the writer’s perspective without explicitly telling the reader what to do. * **Example Topics:** ‘The Importance of Recycling for Environmental Sustainability’, ‘The Benefits of Online Learning’, ‘Why Social Media Has a Negative Impact on Teenagers’. **Hortatory Exposition Text:** * **Characteristic:** Its main purpose is to persuade the reader to do something or to take a particular action. It focuses on ‘what should be’ or ‘what ought to happen’. * **Structure:** Thesis (introduces the issue and the writer’s position), Arguments (presents reasons for the recommended action), Recommendation (explicitly states what should be done or not done). * **Recommendation:** It explicitly concludes with a strong recommendation for the reader to act upon, often using modal verbs like ‘should’, ‘must’, or imperative sentences. * **Example Topics:** ‘Students Should Participate in Extracurricular Activities’, ‘Why Governments Must Invest More in Renewable Energy’, ‘We Must Protect Our Endangered Species’. **Main Differences:** The key difference lies in their **ultimate goal**. Analytical exposition aims to convince the reader that a certain perspective is valid by presenting arguments, whereas hortatory exposition aims to convince the reader to take a specific action or change their behavior. Consequently, the conclusion of an analytical exposition is a restatement of the thesis, while a hortatory exposition ends with a clear, actionable recommendation.

Explanation: This answer clearly defines both text types, outlines their characteristics, generic structures, and types of conclusions. It also provides suitable examples for each, effectively highlighting their main differences and fulfilling the essay prompt.

4. Analyze the following scenario and explain how the concept of ‘passive voice’ can be used to describe the events, focusing on when it is more appropriate than active voice: Scenario: During a science experiment, a beaker containing a chemical solution accidentally fell from the lab bench, causing the solution to spill onto the floor. Luckily, no one was injured, but the lab floor had to be cleaned immediately.

Answer: In the given scenario, the passive voice can be particularly useful to describe the events, especially when the focus is on the action or the recipient of the action rather than the doer, or when the doer is unknown or less important. Here’s how passive voice can be applied to the scenario: 1. **’A beaker containing a chemical solution accidentally fell…’** * **Passive application:** ‘A beaker containing a chemical solution was accidentally dropped/knocked off the lab bench.’ (If the cause is unknown or to avoid blaming anyone). * **Explanation:** The active voice implies an agent (‘someone dropped it’), but if the focus is on the beaker and the event itself without specifying who dropped it, the passive voice is more appropriate. It emphasizes the fact that the beaker fell, making the event the central point. 2. **’…causing the solution to spill onto the floor.’** * **Passive application:** ‘The solution was spilled onto the floor.’ * **Explanation:** Similar to the beaker, the passive voice here focuses on the solution and its fate. If the person who caused the spill is not the main concern, or if the spill itself is the more critical piece of information (e.g., for safety protocols), then the passive construction highlights the solution and the spill. 3. **’…the lab floor had to be cleaned immediately.’** * **Passive application:** ‘The lab floor had to be cleaned immediately.’ (This is already in passive voice). * **Explanation:** This sentence is naturally in the passive voice because the focus is on the lab floor and the necessity of its cleaning, not on who performed the cleaning. The agent (the person who cleans) is less important than the action of cleaning and its urgency. **When Passive Voice is More Appropriate:** * **When the agent is unknown or unimportant:** As seen with the beaker falling or the solution spilling, if ‘who’ did it isn’t crucial, passive voice avoids unnecessary information. * **When the focus is on the action or the object of the action:** The scenario emphasizes what happened to the beaker, the solution, and the floor. Passive voice places these elements as the subject, drawing attention to them. * **To maintain objectivity or formality:** In scientific or incident reports, passive voice can create a more objective tone, avoiding direct accusations and focusing on the facts of the event rather than individual responsibility.

Explanation: This answer successfully identifies instances where passive voice can be applied in the given scenario and articulates the reasons for its appropriateness over active voice. It clearly explains *when* and *why* passive voice is beneficial, demonstrating a strong understanding of its usage.

5. Imagine you applied for a scholarship and received a rejection letter. Write a short reflection (at least 100 words) on what you learned from the experience and what you might do next to improve your chances in future applications.

Answer: Receiving a scholarship rejection letter was initially disappointing, but it also became a valuable learning experience. My immediate feeling was discouragement, but upon reflection, I realized it’s not a dead end but a redirection. One key lesson learned is the importance of thoroughly scrutinizing the application requirements and understanding the scholarship’s specific criteria. I might have focused too broadly on my achievements instead of tailoring them precisely to what the scholarship committee was looking for. Moving forward, I plan to significantly refine my approach. Firstly, I will actively seek feedback if possible, to understand where my application might have fallen short. Secondly, I will dedicate more time to researching scholarships that align perfectly with my academic profile, career goals, and personal values. This includes carefully analyzing past recipients’ profiles if available. Thirdly, I intend to improve my essay writing skills, focusing on clarity, conciseness, and demonstrating a compelling narrative about my passion and potential contribution. Lastly, I will strengthen my extracurricular involvement and leadership experiences to present a more well-rounded and competitive application next time. This rejection isn’t a failure, but a motivation to grow and prepare more effectively for future opportunities.

Explanation: This reflection effectively addresses the prompt by discussing the initial disappointment, identifying specific lessons learned (e.g., scrutinizing requirements, tailoring applications), and outlining concrete future steps for improvement (seeking feedback, better research, improving essay writing, strengthening extracurriculars). It demonstrates maturity and a proactive attitude towards future challenges.

1. Match the English vocabulary words with their correct definitions.

Answer: See pairs

Explanation: This exercise tests vocabulary knowledge by matching words with their meanings.

2. Match the grammar terms with their best examples.

Answer: See pairs

Explanation: This exercise tests understanding of key grammatical concepts and their application.