Contoh Soal Bahasa Inggris Kelas 12 Semester 1: Latihan Lengkap & Kunci Jawaban

1. If I _____ a billionaire, I would travel around the world.

• am
• was
• were
• had been

Answer: were

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 2, which expresses an unreal or hypothetical situation in the present or future. The structure is ‘If + Simple Past, Subject + would/could/might + Base Form’. For ‘be’ verbs in Type 2, ‘were’ is used for all subjects.

2. She said, ‘I am going to Jakarta tomorrow.’ What is the reported speech?

• She said that she is going to Jakarta tomorrow.
• She said that she was going to Jakarta tomorrow.
• She said that she was going to Jakarta the next day.
• She said that I was going to Jakarta the next day.

Answer: She said that she was going to Jakarta the next day.

Explanation: When reporting speech, the tense shifts back (present continuous to past continuous) and time/place adverbs change (‘tomorrow’ to ‘the next day’).

3. The passive voice of ‘Someone stole my wallet yesterday’ is…

• My wallet is stolen yesterday.
• My wallet was stolen yesterday.
• Someone was stolen my wallet yesterday.
• My wallet had been stolen yesterday.

Answer: My wallet was stolen yesterday.

Explanation: To form the passive voice in the simple past, use ‘was/were’ + past participle of the main verb. The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.

4. Read the following sentence: ‘The government should take stricter action against illegal logging.’ This sentence most likely belongs to which part of an Analytical Exposition?

• Thesis
• Arguments
• Reiteration
• Recommendation

Answer: Recommendation

Explanation: This sentence uses modal verbs like ‘should’ to suggest a course of action, which is characteristic of the Recommendation part of a Hortatory Exposition or sometimes the concluding thought in an Analytical Exposition when implying action, but more accurately a recommendation.

5. If you heat ice, it _____ into water.

• melt
• will melt
• melts
• would melt

Answer: melts

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 0, which describes general truths or scientific facts. The structure is ‘If + Simple Present, Simple Present’.

6. The man _____ lives next door is a famous artist.

• which
• whose
• where
• who

Answer: who

Explanation: The relative pronoun ‘who’ is used to refer to people.

7. Smoking is very dangerous for our health. _____, many people still ignore this fact.

• Therefore
• Moreover
• Consequently
• However

Answer: However

Explanation: ‘However’ is used to introduce a statement that contrasts with something that has just been said.

8. What is the synonym of ‘obsolete’?

• modern
• current
• updated
• outdated

Answer: outdated

Explanation: ‘Obsolete’ means no longer produced or used; out of date. ‘Outdated’ has a similar meaning.

9. We _____ (not / see) her since she moved to London.

• didn’t see
• haven’t seen
• don’t see
• won’t see

Answer: haven’t seen

Explanation: The phrase ‘since she moved’ indicates a duration from a point in the past until now, requiring the present perfect tense.

10. The book _____ I borrowed from the library is very interesting.

• who
• whom
• where
• which

Answer: which

Explanation: The relative pronoun ‘which’ is used to refer to things or animals.

11. If I had known about the problem, I _____ you.

• would help
• will help
• would have helped
• had helped

Answer: would have helped

Explanation: This is a Conditional Sentence Type 3, expressing an unreal situation in the past. The structure is ‘If + Past Perfect, Subject + would have + Past Participle’.

12. The teacher asked, ‘Are you ready for the test?’ What is the reported speech?

• The teacher asked if you are ready for the test.
• The teacher asked if we are ready for the test.
• The teacher asked if we were ready for the test.
• The teacher asked if you were ready for the test.

Answer: The teacher asked if we were ready for the test.

Explanation: For reported questions (yes/no questions), use ‘if’ or ‘whether’. The tense shifts (simple present to simple past) and the pronoun changes.

13. Children _____ be taught about environmental protection from an early age.

• must
• can
• should
• will

Answer: should

Explanation: ‘Should’ is a modal verb used to give advice or suggest something is a good idea.

14. The purpose of an Analytical Exposition text is…

• to entertain the reader with a story.
• to provide instructions on how to do something.
• to persuade the reader to do something.
• to persuade the reader that something is the case.

Answer: to persuade the reader that something is the case.

Explanation: An Analytical Exposition text presents arguments to persuade the reader about a certain point of view or belief.

15. This is the hospital _____ my brother was born.

• which
• that
• when
• where

Answer: where

Explanation: ‘Where’ is a relative adverb used to refer to a place.

16. She studied hard, _____ she passed the exam with flying colors.

• but
• although
• so
• because

Answer: so

Explanation: ‘So’ is a conjunction used to indicate the result or consequence of something.

17. Which sentence is grammatically INCORRECT?

• She speaks English fluently.
• He has been living here for five years.
• They enjoyed themselves at the party.
• Everyone are here.

Answer: Everyone are here.

Explanation: ‘Everyone’ is an indefinite pronoun that takes a singular verb. The correct form is ‘Everyone is here’.

18. What is the antonym of ‘fragile’?

• delicate
• brittle
• durable
• vulnerable

Answer: durable

Explanation: ‘Fragile’ means easily broken or damaged. ‘Durable’ means able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting.

19. An invitation letter typically includes all of the following EXCEPT:

• the name of the host
• the date and time of the event
• the venue of the event
• a detailed job description

Answer: a detailed job description

Explanation: A detailed job description is typically found in a job advertisement or an application letter, not a formal invitation.

20. Caption: ‘Morning run to catch the sunrise.’ What is the primary function of this caption?

• To provide a long narrative.
• To advertise a product.
• To add context to an image.
• To provide a scientific explanation.

Answer: To add context to an image.

Explanation: Captions primarily provide additional information or context to help viewers understand the image better.

1. Change the following direct speech into reported speech: ‘He said, ‘I finished my homework an hour ago.”

Answer: He said that he had finished his homework an hour before.

Explanation: The tense shifts from Simple Past (‘finished’) to Past Perfect (‘had finished’), and the time adverb ‘an hour ago’ changes to ‘an hour before’ or ‘the previous hour’.

2. Transform the following active sentence into passive voice: ‘The students are preparing a presentation.’

Answer: A presentation is being prepared by the students.

Explanation: To change a present continuous active sentence to passive, use ‘is/am/are’ + ‘being’ + past participle of the main verb. The object becomes the subject.

3. Mention two common grammatical features found in Analytical Exposition texts.

Answer: Two common grammatical features are: using simple present tense and using relational processes (e.g., ‘is’, ‘are’, ‘has’).

Explanation: Analytical Exposition texts typically use simple present tense to state facts and arguments, and relational processes to link ideas and describe states of being.

4. Write a short caption for a photo of a group of friends celebrating a graduation.

Answer: So proud of us! Officially graduated. Here’s to new beginnings and endless possibilities. #GraduationDay #FriendshipGoals

Explanation: A good caption is concise, relevant to the image, and often includes relevant hashtags to increase visibility and context.

5. Complete the sentence with a suitable conjunction: ‘The weather was terrible; _____, we decided to postpone our trip.’

Answer: therefore

Explanation: ‘Therefore’ is a conjunction used to show a logical consequence or result.

1. Write an Analytical Exposition text (approx. 150-200 words) arguing for the importance of critical thinking in the digital age. Include a clear thesis statement, supporting arguments, and a reiteration.

Answer: Model Answer/Rubric: **Thesis Statement:** Start with a clear statement that critical thinking is paramount in navigating the complexities of the digital age. **Arguments:** 1. **Information Overload:** Discuss how the internet provides vast information, making critical thinking essential to discern reliable sources from misinformation. 2. **Fake News & Propaganda:** Explain how critical thinking helps individuals identify and challenge biased or false information, fostering informed decision-making. 3. **Problem-Solving:** Highlight how critical thinking skills translate to effective problem-solving in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. 4. **Digital Citizenship:** Connect critical thinking to responsible digital citizenship, empowering individuals to contribute constructively online. **Reiteration:** Conclude by restating the thesis in different words, emphasizing that critical thinking is not just an academic skill but a vital life skill for survival and success in the modern digital world.

Explanation: An Analytical Exposition aims to persuade the reader about a particular argument or point of view by presenting a series of arguments. It follows the structure: Thesis – Arguments – Reiteration. The answer should demonstrate logical flow and persuasive language.

2. Write a Hortatory Exposition text (approx. 150-200 words) persuading students to participate actively in extracurricular activities. Include a clear thesis, arguments, and a strong recommendation.

Answer: Model Answer/Rubric: **Thesis Statement:** Begin with a strong statement asserting that active participation in extracurricular activities is crucial for holistic student development. **Arguments:** 1. **Skill Development:** Explain how extracurriculars foster essential skills like teamwork, leadership, time management, and problem-solving, which are not always taught in the classroom. 2. **Socialization & Networking:** Discuss how these activities provide opportunities to meet new people, build friendships, and develop social skills beyond academic circles. 3. **Stress Relief & Well-being:** Argue that engaging in hobbies and sports can be a great way to relieve academic stress and maintain mental and physical well-being. 4. **Future Opportunities:** Mention how extracurricular involvement enhances college applications and job prospects by demonstrating a well-rounded personality and commitment. **Recommendation:** Conclude with a strong call to action, urging all students to explore and actively participate in extracurricular activities available at their school.

Explanation: A Hortatory Exposition aims to persuade the reader to do something or to take a particular action. It follows the structure: Thesis – Arguments – Recommendation. The answer should present compelling reasons and a clear call to action.

3. You are invited to a formal dinner. Write a formal invitation acceptance letter (approx. 100-150 words) to ‘Mr. and Mrs. Smith’ for a dinner on ‘Saturday, November 11th, at 7:00 PM’ at ‘The Grand Ballroom, Hilton Hotel’.

Answer: Model Answer/Rubric: **Formal Opening:** Address the hosts formally (e.g., ‘Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,’). **Express Gratitude:** Thank them for the invitation (e.g., ‘Thank you for your kind invitation…’). **Confirm Acceptance:** Clearly state acceptance of the invitation. **Reconfirm Details:** Briefly mention the event details to show understanding (e.g., ‘to the dinner on Saturday, November 11th, at 7:00 PM at The Grand Ballroom, Hilton Hotel.’). **Express Anticipation:** Convey excitement to attend (e.g., ‘We are greatly looking forward to the evening.’). **Formal Closing:** Use a formal closing (e.g., ‘Sincerely,’ or ‘Yours sincerely,’) followed by your full name.

Explanation: A formal invitation acceptance letter should be polite, clear, and confirm all relevant details. It follows a standard formal letter format.

4. Imagine you are applying for an internship position as a ‘Junior Content Writer’ at ‘Creative Minds Agency’. Write a cover letter (application letter, approx. 150-200 words) expressing your interest and suitability for the role. Include your relevant skills and experience.

Answer: Model Answer/Rubric: **Your Contact Information & Date:** Top left. **Recipient’s Contact Information:** Below your info (e.g., HR Manager, Creative Minds Agency). **Salutation:** Formal (e.g., ‘Dear Hiring Manager,’ or ‘Dear Mr./Ms. [Last Name],’). **Opening Paragraph:** State the position you are applying for and where you saw the advertisement. Express enthusiasm for the role and the company. **Body Paragraph(s):** Highlight relevant skills and experiences. For a ‘Junior Content Writer’, emphasize: writing skills (e.g., blog posts, articles), research abilities, knowledge of SEO basics, creativity, and eagerness to learn. Mention any relevant coursework, projects, or personal blogs. Connect your skills to the company’s needs. **Closing Paragraph:** Reiterate your interest, state your availability for an interview, and express gratitude for their consideration. **Formal Closing:** ‘Sincerely,’ or ‘Yours faithfully,’, followed by your typed name.

Explanation: An application letter (cover letter) is a formal document sent with a resume to provide additional information on your skills and experience. It should be tailored to the specific job and company, highlighting why you are the best fit.

5. Read the following short text and answer the questions below: ‘The recent surge in online learning platforms has brought both opportunities and challenges. While they offer unprecedented access to education for millions globally, ensuring the quality of instruction and preventing digital divides remain critical concerns. Educators must adapt their methodologies, and students need to develop self-discipline to thrive in this new environment. Furthermore, governments and institutions must collaborate to provide equitable access to technology and internet connectivity, particularly in underserved areas.’ Questions: 1. What is the main idea of the text? 2. According to the text, what are two challenges associated with online learning? 3. What is the role of governments and institutions in addressing these challenges?

Answer: Model Answer/Rubric: 1. **Main Idea:** The text’s main idea is that the rise of online learning presents both significant opportunities (like global access to education) and critical challenges (like ensuring quality and bridging the digital divide) that require adaptation and collaboration. 2. **Two Challenges:** According to the text, two challenges are ‘ensuring the quality of instruction’ and ‘preventing digital divides’. 3. **Role of Governments and Institutions:** Governments and institutions must collaborate to ‘provide equitable access to technology and internet connectivity, particularly in underserved areas’ to address these challenges.

Explanation: This question assesses reading comprehension. The answer should accurately identify the main point, specific details, and implications drawn directly from the provided text. Answers should be concise and directly address each part of the question.

1. Match the grammatical concept on the left with its definition/example on the right.

Answer: Conditional Type 2: hypothetical present/future; Passive Voice: object becomes subject; Reported Speech: indirect statement; Relative Clause: adds info about a noun.

Explanation: This exercise tests understanding of key grammatical concepts and their functions.

2. Match the text type on the left with its primary social function on the right.

Answer: Analytical Exposition: to persuade about a viewpoint; Hortatory Exposition: to persuade to do something; Formal Invitation: to invite formally; Application Letter: to apply for a job.

Explanation: This exercise tests knowledge of different text types and their communicative purposes.