Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris Present Perfect Tense: Uji Pemahamanmu!

1. She _____ in Jakarta since 2010.

• lives
• lived
• has lived
• is living

Answer: has lived

Explanation: The phrase ‘since 2010’ indicates an action that started in the past and continues to the present, which requires the present perfect tense. The subject ‘She’ uses ‘has’.

2. They _____ their homework yet.

• don’t finish
• didn’t finish
• haven’t finished
• aren’t finishing

Answer: haven’t finished

Explanation: ‘Yet’ is a common indicator for the present perfect tense, especially in negative sentences or questions. ‘They’ uses ‘have’.

3. I _____ that movie three times.

• saw
• see
• have seen
• am seeing

Answer: have seen

Explanation: This sentence talks about an experience that happened an unspecified number of times up to the present, requiring the present perfect tense. ‘I’ uses ‘have’.

4. _____ you ever _____ sushi?

• Did, eat
• Do, eat
• Have, eaten
• Are, eating

Answer: Have, eaten

Explanation: ‘Ever’ is used to ask about experiences at any point up to the present, hence the present perfect tense. The structure is ‘Have/Has + Subject + ever + Past Participle’.

5. We _____ already _____ breakfast.

• are, having
• have, had
• had, had
• are, have

Answer: have, had

Explanation: ‘Already’ indicates an action completed before now. ‘We’ uses ‘have’, and the past participle of ‘have’ (as a verb meaning ‘to eat’) is ‘had’.

6. My sister _____ never _____ abroad.

• did, travel
• has, traveled
• is, traveling
• will, travel

Answer: has, traveled

Explanation: ‘Never’ indicates that an action has not occurred at any point up to the present. ‘My sister’ (she) uses ‘has’. The past participle of ‘travel’ is ‘traveled’ (or ‘travelled’).

7. The students _____ just _____ their exam results.

• had, received
• have, received
• are, receiving
• receive

Answer: have, received

Explanation: ‘Just’ implies an action completed a very short time ago, which is a key use of the present perfect. ‘The students’ (they) use ‘have’.

8. How long _____ he _____ his car?

• did, have
• is, having
• has, had
• does, have

Answer: has, had

Explanation: ‘How long’ typically asks about the duration of an action that started in the past and continues to the present, requiring the present perfect. ‘He’ uses ‘has’, and the past participle of ‘have’ (meaning ‘to possess’) is ‘had’.

9. I _____ not _____ to the gym for ages.

• am, going
• went
• have, been
• go

Answer: have, been

Explanation: ‘For ages’ indicates a duration up to the present, requiring the present perfect tense. ‘I’ uses ‘have’, and the past participle of ‘go’ (when talking about visiting places) is ‘been’.

10. She _____ all the chapters.

• read
• reads
• has read
• is reading

Answer: has read

Explanation: The action of reading is completed and relevant to the present. ‘She’ uses ‘has’. The past participle of ‘read’ is ‘read’ (pronounced differently than the base form).

11. We _____ a lot of new things lately.

• learned
• learn
• have learned
• are learning

Answer: have learned

Explanation: ‘Lately’ indicates a recent period up to the present, often used with the present perfect. ‘We’ uses ‘have’.

12. The train _____ just _____.

• is, arriving
• had, arrived
• has, arrived
• arrive

Answer: has, arrived

Explanation: ‘Just’ indicates a very recent completion of an action. ‘The train’ (it) uses ‘has’.

13. My parents _____ to Bali twice.

• went
• go
• are going
• have been

Answer: have been

Explanation: This describes an experience up to the present. ‘My parents’ (they) use ‘have’, and the past participle of ‘be’ or ‘go’ (when visiting) is ‘been’.

14. He _____ not _____ his phone since yesterday.

• didn’t, find
• doesn’t, find
• has, found
• isn’t, finding

Answer: has, found

Explanation: ‘Since yesterday’ indicates a starting point in the past for an ongoing situation (not finding the phone). ‘He’ uses ‘has’.

15. The company _____ a lot of changes recently.

• made
• makes
• is making
• has made

Answer: has made

Explanation: ‘Recently’ signifies an action that occurred in the recent past and has a connection to the present. ‘The company’ (it) uses ‘has’.

16. How many books _____ you _____ this month?

• did, read
• do, read
• have, read
• are, reading

Answer: have, read

Explanation: ‘This month’ is an unfinished period of time, suggesting a connection to the present, thus requiring the present perfect. ‘You’ uses ‘have’, and the past participle of ‘read’ is ‘read’.

17. I’m sorry, I _____ your name.

• forgot
• forget
• am forgetting
• have forgotten

Answer: have forgotten

Explanation: The action of forgetting happened in the past, but its result (not knowing the name) is still relevant now. ‘I’ uses ‘have’.

18. She _____ her hand.

• cut
• cuts
• is cutting
• has cut

Answer: has cut

Explanation: The action of cutting happened in the past, but the result (a cut hand) is still visible or relevant in the present. ‘She’ uses ‘has’.

19. They _____ in this house for five years.

• live
• lived
• are living
• have lived

Answer: have lived

Explanation: ‘For five years’ expresses a duration from the past up to the present, indicating the use of the present perfect. ‘They’ uses ‘have’.

20. We _____ never _____ such a beautiful sunset before.

• did, see
• saw
• have, seen
• are, seeing

Answer: have, seen

Explanation: ‘Never before’ indicates an experience that has not happened at any point prior to the present, requiring the present perfect. ‘We’ uses ‘have’.

1. Complete the sentence: ‘My brother _____ (study) English for ten years.’

Answer: My brother has studied English for ten years.

Explanation: The phrase ‘for ten years’ indicates an action that started in the past and continues up to the present moment, which is a key characteristic of the present perfect tense. The subject ‘My brother’ (he) takes ‘has’ as the auxiliary verb, and the past participle of ‘study’ is ‘studied’.

2. Transform the sentence into the present perfect tense: ‘They visited London last year.’

Answer: They have visited London.

Explanation: The original sentence uses Simple Past with a specific past time marker (‘last year’). To transform it into Present Perfect, we remove the specific past time marker and use ‘have/has’ + past participle. Since ‘they’ is the subject, ‘have’ is used. The past participle of ‘visit’ is ‘visited’. The new sentence implies that the visit is an experience relevant up to the present, without specifying an exact past time.

3. What is the correct auxiliary verb for the subject ‘it’ in the present perfect tense?

Answer: has

Explanation: In the present perfect tense, the auxiliary verbs are ‘have’ and ‘has’. ‘Has’ is used for singular third-person subjects (he, she, it) and ‘have’ is used for I, you, we, and they. Therefore, ‘it’ takes ‘has’.

4. Fill in the blank with the correct past participle of ‘make’: ‘She has _____ a delicious cake.’

Answer: She has made a delicious cake.

Explanation: The verb ‘make’ is an irregular verb. Its base form is ‘make’, its simple past form is ‘made’, and its past participle form is also ‘made’. The present perfect tense requires the past participle form after ‘have’ or ‘has’.

5. When would you typically use ‘just’ with the present perfect tense?

Answer: You would typically use ‘just’ with the present perfect tense to indicate that an action was completed a very short time ago.

Explanation: ‘Just’ is an adverb commonly used with the present perfect tense to emphasize that an action has been completed very recently. For example, ‘I have just finished my work’ means the work was completed moments ago.

1. Explain the main differences between the Simple Past tense and the Present Perfect tense. Provide at least two examples for each tense to illustrate your points.

Answer: The Simple Past tense is used for actions that started and finished at a specific time in the past. The time of the action is usually known or implied, and there is no direct connection to the present. Keywords often include ‘yesterday’, ‘last week’, ‘in 2005’, etc. Examples of Simple Past: 1. ‘I visited Paris last summer.’ (The action is complete, and the time ‘last summer’ is specific and past.) 2. ‘She ate dinner an hour ago.’ (The action of eating is finished, and ‘an hour ago’ pinpoints the time.) The Present Perfect tense, on the other hand, is used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or for actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past but have a result or relevance in the present. It often focuses on the experience or the result of the action rather than the exact time it happened. Keywords often include ‘for’, ‘since’, ‘already’, ‘yet’, ‘ever’, ‘never’, ‘just’, ‘recently’, etc. Examples of Present Perfect: 1. ‘I have visited Paris twice.’ (The experience of visiting Paris is relevant to the present; the specific times are not important.) 2. ‘She has lived here since 2010.’ (The action of living started in 2010 and continues up to the present.)

Explanation: This answer clearly defines both tenses, highlights their key distinctions regarding time specificity and connection to the present, and provides accurate examples for each, using appropriate time markers to differentiate them. It covers the core aspects requested in the prompt.

2. Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) about your experiences using the present perfect tense. Include at least three instances of the present perfect in your paragraph.

Answer: I have traveled to several countries, and each trip has taught me something new. For instance, I have visited Japan and experienced its unique culture. I have also tried many different kinds of food, from spicy curries in Thailand to delicious sushi in Tokyo. These experiences have enriched my life considerably, shaping my perspective on the world.

Explanation: The model answer successfully integrates the present perfect tense multiple times (‘have traveled’, ‘has taught’, ‘have visited’, ‘have tried’, ‘have enriched’) to describe past experiences that have relevance to the present, demonstrating a correct and natural usage of the tense.

3. Discuss the use of ‘for’ and ‘since’ with the present perfect tense. When do you use each, and what kind of information do they convey?

Answer: Both ‘for’ and ‘since’ are time expressions commonly used with the present perfect tense to indicate duration, but they refer to different aspects of time. ‘For’ is used to specify a duration or a period of time. It answers the question ‘How long?’. It tells us how long an action or state has been ongoing. For example, ‘I have worked here for five years’ means the duration of my employment is five years. ‘Since’ is used to specify a starting point in the past from which an action or state has continued up to the present. It answers the question ‘Since when?’. For example, ‘I have worked here since 2018’ means my employment started in 2018 and is still ongoing. In summary, ‘for’ indicates the length of time, while ‘since’ indicates the beginning point in time.

Explanation: This answer accurately distinguishes between ‘for’ and ‘since’ in the context of the present perfect tense, explaining their respective uses (duration vs. starting point) and providing clear examples for each, which is crucial for understanding their application.

4. Formulate five questions using the present perfect tense. Ensure variety in your questions (e.g., general experience, duration, recent action).

Answer: 1. Have you ever tried skydiving? 2. How long have you known your best friend? 3. Has she finished her project yet? 4. What interesting places have you visited this year? 5. Have they just arrived from the airport?

Explanation: The answer provides five distinct questions that correctly use the present perfect tense, demonstrating variety in their focus: ‘ever’ for general experience, ‘how long’ for duration, ‘yet’ for completion, ‘this year’ for an unfinished time period, and ‘just’ for a recent action.

5. Explain why the present perfect tense is often used with adverbs like ‘already’, ‘yet’, and ‘just’. How do these adverbs modify the meaning of the sentence?

Answer: The present perfect tense is frequently used with adverbs like ‘already’, ‘yet’, and ‘just’ because these adverbs specifically relate to the timing and completion status of actions that have a connection to the present. ‘Already’ indicates that an action has been completed earlier than expected or before the present moment. It suggests that the action is done and there’s no need to do it again. For example, ‘I have already eaten’ means the meal is finished, perhaps surprising the listener who expected me to eat. ‘Yet’ is typically used in negative statements and questions. In negative statements, it means an action has not happened up to the present, but it is expected to happen. For example, ‘She hasn’t arrived yet.’ In questions, it asks if an action has happened up to the present. For example, ‘Have you finished your work yet?’ ‘Just’ signifies that an action was completed a very short time ago, emphasizing its recency. It implies the action’s effects are still fresh or immediately relevant. For example, ‘They have just left’ means they departed only moments ago. These adverbs modify the meaning by providing more precise information about the completion, non-completion, or recency of a past action in relation to the present.

Explanation: The answer clearly defines each adverb (‘already’, ‘yet’, ‘just’) in the context of the present perfect tense, explaining its specific nuance and typical usage (e.g., ‘yet’ in negatives/questions). It provides concise examples for each, effectively demonstrating how these adverbs modify the sentence’s meaning.

1. Match the base form of the verb with its correct past participle form.

Answer: Go – Gone, Eat – Eaten, See – Seen, Write – Written, Do – Done

Explanation: This exercise tests knowledge of irregular past participles, which are essential for forming the present perfect tense correctly.

2. Match the time expression with the type of information it conveys when used with the Present Perfect Tense.

Answer: For – Duration, Since – Starting point, Already – Earlier than expected, Yet – Not happened/Expected to happen, Just – Very recently

Explanation: This matching question tests the understanding of common time adverbs and prepositions used with the present perfect tense and their specific functions.