Ingin menguasai Descriptive Text dalam Bahasa Inggris? Artikel ini menyajikan kumpulan contoh soal bahasa Inggris Descriptive Text yang komprehensif, dirancang khusus untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan keterampilan Anda. Dari identifikasi struktur teks, ciri kebahasaan, hingga pemahaman detail spesifik, Anda akan menemukan berbagai tipe soal. Kami telah menyiapkan 20 soal pilihan ganda, 5 soal isian singkat, 5 soal esai, dan 2 soal menjodohkan yang menantang. Setiap soal dilengkapi dengan kunci jawaban dan penjelasan mendalam, membantu Anda memahami konsep dasar serta nuansa teks deskriptif dengan lebih baik. Persiapkan diri Anda untuk berbagai ujian Bahasa Inggris atau tingkatkan kemampuan menulis deskriptif Anda dengan latihan soal yang relevan dan menantang ini. Dapatkan insight berharga tentang cara mendeskripsikan orang, tempat, dan benda secara efektif dan akurat, serta perkuat penguasaan tata bahasa dan kosakata Anda dalam konteks deskriptif.
Multiple Choice
1. Read the following text: “I have a beautiful cat named Luna. She is a Persian cat with long, fluffy white fur and striking blue eyes. Luna loves to play with a small red laser pointer, chasing the dot all over the house. When she’s not playing, she enjoys napping in sunbeams or curled up on my lap. Her purr is incredibly loud and comforting. Luna is a very affectionate cat, always greeting me at the door with a gentle meow and rubbing against my legs.” What color is Luna’s fur?
- A. Black
- B. Brown
- C. White
- D. Grey
Answer: C. White
Explanation: The text states, “She is a Persian cat with long, fluffy white fur.”
2. Based on the text about Luna, what does Luna enjoy doing when she’s not playing?
- A. Running outside
- B. Eating
- C. Napping
- D. Climbing trees
Answer: C. Napping
Explanation: The text says, “When she’s not playing, she enjoys napping in sunbeams or curled up on my lap.”
3. In the text about Luna, the word “affectionate” in the last sentence most nearly means…
- A. Shy
- B. Loving
- C. Playful
- D. Independent
Answer: B. Loving
Explanation: “Affectionate” means showing or having a strong feeling of love or liking, which aligns with ‘loving’.
4. Read the following text: “Borobudur Temple is a magnificent 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Central Java, Indonesia. It is the world’s largest Buddhist temple and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The temple consists of nine stacked platforms, six square and three circular, topped by a central dome. It is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues. The intricate carvings depict stories from Buddhist cosmology. Visiting Borobudur, especially at sunrise, offers a breathtaking spiritual experience as the temple emerges from the mist.” Where is Borobudur Temple located?
- A. West Java
- B. East Java
- C. Central Java
- D. North Sumatra
Answer: C. Central Java
Explanation: The text states, “Borobudur Temple is a magnificent 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Central Java, Indonesia.”
5. According to the text about Borobudur Temple, how many relief panels decorate the temple?
- A. 504
- B. 9
- C. 2,672
- D. 1,000
Answer: C. 2,672
Explanation: The text mentions, “It is decorated with 2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues.”
6. Based on the text about Borobudur Temple, what kind of experience does visiting Borobudur at sunrise offer?
- A. A frightening experience
- B. A boring experience
- C. A breathtaking spiritual experience
- D. A crowded experience
Answer: C. A breathtaking spiritual experience
Explanation: The text describes it as “a breathtaking spiritual experience.”
7. Read the following text: “My favorite cafe, ‘The Daily Grind,’ is a cozy little spot downtown. It has warm, rustic wooden tables and chairs, soft ambient lighting, and shelves filled with old books. The aroma of freshly brewed coffee and baked pastries always fills the air. They play mellow jazz music, creating a relaxing atmosphere perfect for studying or catching up with friends. Their signature drink, the ‘Caramel Macchiato,’ is absolutely delicious, and their homemade croissants are to die for. It’s truly a hidden gem.” What is the name of the favorite cafe?
- A. The Cozy Corner
- B. The Daily Grind
- C. The Book Nook
- D. The Coffee Spot
Answer: B. The Daily Grind
Explanation: The text clearly names the cafe as “‘The Daily Grind’.”
8. Based on the text about the cafe, what kind of music is played at ‘The Daily Grind’?
- A. Rock music
- B. Pop music
- C. Mellow jazz
- D. Classical music
Answer: C. Mellow jazz
Explanation: The text states, “They play mellow jazz music.”
9. According to the text about the cafe, what is the signature drink of “The Daily Grind”?
- A. Espresso
- B. Caramel Macchiato
- C. Latte
- D. Cappuccino
Answer: B. Caramel Macchiato
Explanation: The text explicitly mentions, “Their signature drink, the ‘Caramel Macchiato,’ is absolutely delicious.”
10. Read the following text: “Dolphins are highly intelligent marine mammals known for their playful behavior and complex social structures. They typically have sleek, streamlined bodies, a dorsal fin, and paddle-like flippers. Their skin is smooth and gray, often lighter on their undersides. Dolphins communicate through a variety of clicks, whistles, and other sounds. They live in pods, hunting fish and squid using echolocation. These fascinating creatures are often seen leaping out of the water, a spectacular sight for anyone lucky enough to witness it.” What kind of mammals are dolphins?
- A. Terrestrial
- B. Freshwater
- C. Aerial
- D. Marine
Answer: D. Marine
Explanation: The text describes dolphins as “highly intelligent marine mammals.”
11. Based on the text about dolphins, how do dolphins typically communicate?
- A. By changing colors
- B. Through a variety of clicks, whistles, and other sounds
- C. By waving their fins
- D. By blowing bubbles
Answer: B. Through a variety of clicks, whistles, and other sounds
Explanation: The text states, “Dolphins communicate through a variety of clicks, whistles, and other sounds.”
12. According to the text about dolphins, what do dolphins primarily eat?
- A. Plants
- B. Small crustaceans
- C. Fish and squid
- D. Seaweed
Answer: C. Fish and squid
Explanation: The text says they hunt “fish and squid.”
13. What is the main purpose of a descriptive text?
- A. To entertain the reader with a story
- B. To persuade the reader to do something
- C. To describe a particular person, place, or thing
- D. To explain how to do something
Answer: C. To describe a particular person, place, or thing
Explanation: The core function of a descriptive text is to create a vivid picture of its subject by detailing its characteristics.
14. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of descriptive text?
- A. Use of adjectives
- B. Use of simple present tense
- C. Focus on general statements
- D. Use of sensory details
Answer: C. Focus on general statements
Explanation: Descriptive texts focus on specific details and sensory information, not general statements, to paint a vivid picture.
15. The generic structure of a descriptive text typically includes…
- A. Orientation and Complication
- B. Identification and Description
- C. Thesis and Arguments
- D. Goal and Steps
Answer: B. Identification and Description
Explanation: “Identification” introduces the subject, and “Description” provides detailed characteristics.
16. Which tense is predominantly used in descriptive texts?
- A. Simple Past Tense
- B. Simple Present Tense
- C. Present Perfect Tense
- D. Future Tense
Answer: B. Simple Present Tense
Explanation: Descriptive texts generally use the simple present tense to describe characteristics that are generally true or permanent.
17. Which word best describes the function of adjectives in a descriptive text?
- A. To show action
- B. To connect ideas
- C. To modify nouns
- D. To express emotion
Answer: C. To modify nouns
Explanation: Adjectives are crucial in descriptive texts because they add detail and specify qualities of nouns.
18. From the text about Luna, what detail suggests Luna is friendly and welcoming?
- A. Her long, fluffy white fur
- B. Her purr is incredibly loud
- C. She enjoys napping
- D. Always greeting me at the door with a gentle meow
Answer: D. Always greeting me at the door with a gentle meow
Explanation: Greeting at the door with a gentle meow and rubbing against legs clearly indicates a friendly and welcoming nature.
19. In the text about Borobudur Temple, what does “magnificent” in the first sentence imply about the temple?
- A. It is small and simple
- B. It is grand and impressive
- C. It is old and decaying
- D. It is hidden and unknown
Answer: B. It is grand and impressive
Explanation: “Magnificent” means extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive, indicating grandeur.
20. From the text about ‘The Daily Grind’ cafe, what sensory detail primarily appeals to the sense of smell?
- A. Warm, rustic wooden tables
- B. Mellow jazz music
- C. The aroma of freshly brewed coffee
- D. Homemade croissants
Answer: C. The aroma of freshly brewed coffee
Explanation: “Aroma” directly refers to a smell, indicating the sense of smell.
Short Answer
1. What is the primary social function of a descriptive text?
Answer: To describe a particular person, place, or thing in detail, making the reader feel as though they can see, hear, smell, taste, or touch the subject.
Explanation: The main goal of a descriptive text is to create a vivid sensory experience for the reader, painting a clear picture of the subject.
2. Mention two common language features found in descriptive texts.
Answer: Two common language features are the use of many adjectives (e.g., beautiful, old, smart) and the use of the Simple Present Tense.
Explanation: Adjectives provide specific details about nouns, while the Simple Present Tense is used to describe permanent characteristics or facts about the subject.
3. Based on the provided text about Luna (the cat), describe Luna’s eyes and fur.
Answer: Luna has long, fluffy white fur and striking blue eyes.
Explanation: The text explicitly states these physical characteristics: “long, fluffy white fur and striking blue eyes.”
4. Besides being the world’s largest Buddhist temple, what other significant status does Borobudur Temple hold, according to the text?
Answer: Borobudur Temple is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Explanation: The text mentions this significant international recognition for the temple, stating it is “a UNESCO World Heritage Site.”
5. Based on the text about ‘The Daily Grind’ cafe, what two things create a relaxing atmosphere at the cafe?
Answer: The soft ambient lighting and the mellow jazz music create a relaxing atmosphere at ‘The Daily Grind’.
Explanation: The text specifically highlights “soft ambient lighting” and “mellow jazz music” as contributing to the relaxing ambiance.
Essay
1. Explain the generic structure of a descriptive text and why each part is important for effective description.
Answer: The generic structure of a descriptive text typically consists of two main parts: Identification and Description. 1. **Identification:** This part introduces or identifies the particular person, place, or thing that will be described. It’s crucial because it sets the stage, letting the reader know what the text is about and often establishes the writer’s relationship or perception of the subject. Without clear identification, the reader might be confused about the focus. 2. **Description:** This is the main part where the subject is described in detail. It includes specific characteristics, qualities, attributes, and sensory details (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch). This part is important because it paints a vivid picture in the reader’s mind, allowing them to visualize and understand the subject thoroughly. Effective description uses a variety of adjectives, adverbs, and descriptive phrases to bring the subject to life.
Explanation: This answer outlines the two main structural components (Identification and Description) of a descriptive text and details their individual contributions to a successful and vivid description.
2. Imagine you are describing your favorite book. What specific details would you include to make it vivid for someone who has never seen or read it?
Answer: When describing my favorite book, “The Lord of the Rings,” to someone who has never seen or read it, I would focus on several specific details. I’d start with its physical appearance: the worn, slightly yellowed pages, the sturdy hardcover with its intricate map on the inside cover, and the feel of the substantial weight in my hands. I’d describe the small, detailed illustrations at the beginning of each chapter. Then, I’d move to the experience of reading it: the dense yet beautiful prose, the epic scope of the world-building, the rich history and languages Tolkien created, and the diverse, memorable characters like the wise Gandalf, the steadfast Samwise, and the enigmatic Aragorn. I would explain how reading it evokes a sense of adventure, camaraderie, and wonder, making the reader feel transported to Middle-earth.
Explanation: This model answer demonstrates how to use sensory details, character descriptions, and emotional impact to vividly describe an object, fulfilling the requirements of a strong descriptive essay by making the subject tangible and relatable.
3. Based on the descriptive text about Luna (the cat), analyze how the writer uses language to convey Luna’s personality and appearance.
Answer: The writer effectively uses descriptive language to portray Luna’s appearance and personality. For her appearance, adjectives like “beautiful,” “long, fluffy white,” and “striking blue” are used to give a clear visual image of her fur and eyes. The comparison of her purr being “incredibly loud and comforting” adds another sensory detail. To convey her personality, the writer uses action verbs and descriptive phrases: “loves to play,” “enjoys napping,” and “always greeting me at the door with a gentle meow and rubbing against my legs.” The adjective “affectionate” explicitly states her loving nature, which is then supported by the actions described, painting a picture of a warm, friendly, and playful cat.
Explanation: This answer breaks down how specific adjectives, action verbs, and descriptive phrases contribute to creating a vivid image of both Luna’s physical traits and her behavioral characteristics, illustrating effective descriptive writing.
4. Discuss the significance of the details provided about Borobudur Temple, particularly its structure and decorations, in conveying its grandeur.
Answer: The details about Borobudur Temple’s structure and decorations are crucial in conveying its grandeur and historical significance. The text describes it as a “magnificent 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple” and “the world’s largest Buddhist temple,” immediately establishing its scale and importance. Further details like “nine stacked platforms, six square and three circular, topped by a central dome” illustrate its complex and monumental architecture. The sheer numbers – “2,672 relief panels and 504 Buddha statues” – emphasize the incredible artistry and dedication involved in its construction, highlighting its intricate beauty. The mention of “intricate carvings depict[ing] stories from Buddhist cosmology” gives insight into its cultural and religious depth. All these specific facts collectively build a picture of an awe-inspiring, historically rich, and visually stunning monument.
Explanation: This response explains how quantitative and qualitative details about the temple’s physical attributes, such as its size, number of platforms, and intricate carvings, collectively contribute to understanding and appreciating its majestic and significant nature.
5. What are the key differences between a descriptive text and a narrative text? Give an example of a sentence that would typically appear in each.
Answer: The key differences between a descriptive text and a narrative text lie primarily in their purpose and focus. * **Descriptive Text:** Its purpose is to describe a particular subject (person, place, thing, or idea) in vivid detail, appealing to the five senses. It focuses on *what* something is like, its characteristics, and attributes. It often uses static descriptions and is less concerned with a sequence of events. * *Example Sentence (Descriptive):* “The old wooden house stood silently on the hill, its faded blue paint peeling, and a solitary, dusty window gazing out like a tired eye.” * **Narrative Text:** Its purpose is to tell a story or recount a sequence of events. It focuses on *what happened*, involving characters, plot, setting, conflict, and resolution. It often uses chronological order and past tense verbs. * *Example Sentence (Narrative):* “Suddenly, a loud crash echoed from inside the house, and the adventurer cautiously pushed open the creaking door.”
Explanation: This answer clearly differentiates the purpose and typical content of both text types, providing illustrative sentences that exemplify the distinct characteristics of each genre.
Matching
1. Match the descriptive text term on the left with its definition or example on the right.
| 1. Identification | B. Introduces the subject of the text |
| 2. Description | D. Details about the subject’s features |
| 3. Adjectives | C. Words like “beautiful” or “large” |
| 4. Simple Present Tense | A. Used to describe permanent characteristics |
Answer: The correct matches are: 1-B, 2-D, 3-C, 4-A
Explanation: This matches the components of descriptive text structure and language features with their correct definitions or examples.
2. Match the type of description with its corresponding example.
| 1. Describing a person | B. “She has kind eyes and a warm smile that always brightens the room.” |
| 2. Describing a place | C. “The beach boasts soft white sand and crystal-clear turquoise waters.” |
| 3. Describing an object | A. “My laptop has a sleek silver casing and a vibrant 15-inch display.” |
Answer: The correct matches are: 1-B, 2-C, 3-A
Explanation: This matches specific examples to the general categories of what they describe.