Menguasai conjunctions atau kata penghubung dalam bahasa Inggris adalah kunci untuk membangun kalimat yang koheren, kompleks, dan efektif. Apakah Anda sedang mempersiapkan ujian, meningkatkan kemampuan menulis, atau sekadar ingin memahami struktur kalimat bahasa Inggris dengan lebih baik? Artikel ini menyediakan latihan soal bahasa Inggris conjunctions yang komprehensif untuk menguji pemahaman Anda. Dari koordinatif, subordinatif, hingga korelatif, kami telah merancang berbagai jenis soal, termasuk pilihan ganda, isian singkat, esai, dan menjodohkan, untuk memastikan Anda menguasai setiap aspek penggunaan kata penghubung. Latihan ini akan membantu Anda mengidentifikasi fungsi conjunctions dalam menghubungkan kata, frasa, dan klausa, serta menghindari kesalahan umum. Tingkatkan skor Anda dan buat tulisan bahasa Inggris Anda lebih lancar dan profesional dengan panduan lengkap serta soal-soal latihan interaktif ini. Mulai berlatih sekarang dan jadilah ahli dalam menggunakan conjunctions!
Multiple Choice
1. She studied hard, _______ she still failed the exam.
- A) and
- B) but
- C) so
- D) or
Answer: B) but
Explanation: But is a coordinating conjunction used to show contrast.
2. I will wait here _______ you come back.
- A) because
- B) unless
- C) until
- D) although
Answer: C) until
Explanation: Until is a subordinating conjunction indicating a point in time.
3. _______ it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.
- A) Because
- B) Since
- C) Although
- D) Therefore
Answer: C) Although
Explanation: Although is a subordinating conjunction used to introduce a contrast or concession.
4. He is _______ intelligent _______ hardworking.
- A) either…or
- B) neither…nor
- C) both…and
- D) not only…but also
Answer: C) both…and
Explanation: Both…and is a correlative conjunction used to connect two equally important items.
5. You can have _______ tea _______ coffee.
- A) both…and
- B) neither…nor
- C) either…or
- D) not only…but also
Answer: C) either…or
Explanation: Either…or is a correlative conjunction used to present two choices.
6. She didn’t come to school _______ she was sick.
- A) so
- B) yet
- C) because
- D) but
Answer: C) because
Explanation: Because is a subordinating conjunction that introduces a reason.
7. I wanted to buy the dress, _______ it was too expensive.
- A) so
- B) for
- C) yet
- D) or
Answer: C) yet
Explanation: Yet is a coordinating conjunction that indicates a contrast, similar to but.
8. _______ he finished his homework, he watched TV.
- A) Before
- B) After
- C) While
- D) As soon as
Answer: B) After
Explanation: After is a subordinating conjunction indicating a sequence of events.
9. I don’t know _______ she will come or not.
- A) if
- B) whether
- C) either
- D) A and B
Answer: D) A and B
Explanation: Both if and whether can be used to introduce an indirect question involving a choice.
10. He is _______ a doctor _______ a lawyer. He’s an engineer.
- A) either…or
- B) neither…nor
- C) both…and
- D) not only…but also
Answer: B) neither…nor
Explanation: Neither…nor is a correlative conjunction used to negate two options.
11. You should apologize _______ you were wrong.
- A) so
- B) unless
- C) because
- D) although
Answer: C) because
Explanation: Because introduces the reason for apologizing.
12. We can go to the cinema _______ we can stay home.
- A) and
- B) but
- C) or
- D) so
Answer: C) or
Explanation: Or is a coordinating conjunction offering an alternative.
13. _______ he worked hard, he failed the exam.
- A) Because
- B) Since
- C) Although
- D) As
Answer: C) Although
Explanation: Although introduces a contrasting idea.
14. I woke up late, _______ I missed my bus.
- A) and
- B) but
- C) so
- D) or
Answer: C) so
Explanation: So is a coordinating conjunction indicating a result.
15. He waited patiently _______ his turn came.
- A) while
- B) after
- C) before
- D) until
Answer: D) until
Explanation: Until specifies the time limit for waiting.
16. She is _______ beautiful _______ intelligent.
- A) either…or
- B) neither…nor
- C) both…and
- D) only…but also
Answer: C) both…and
Explanation: Both…and connects two positive attributes.
17. _______ you study, you won’t pass the test.
- A) If
- B) Unless
- C) Although
- D) While
Answer: B) Unless
Explanation: Unless means ‘if not’ and introduces a condition.
18. He decided to buy the car, _______ it was very expensive.
- A) and
- B) so
- C) yet
- D) for
Answer: C) yet
Explanation: Yet shows a contrast or surprising fact.
19. I enjoy reading books _______ watching movies.
- A) and
- B) but
- C) so
- D) or
Answer: A) and
Explanation: And is a coordinating conjunction connecting two similar items/activities.
20. _______ he was tired, he continued working.
- A) Because
- B) While
- C) So
- D) Though
Answer: D) Though
Explanation: Though is a subordinating conjunction similar to although, introducing a concession.
Short Answer
1. Fill in the blank with an appropriate coordinating conjunction: “I like coffee _______ my sister prefers tea.”
Answer: but
Explanation: But is used to show a contrast between two preferences.
2. Combine the following two sentences using a subordinating conjunction: “She finished her work. She went home.”
Answer: After she finished her work, she went home. (Also acceptable: She went home after she finished her work.)
Explanation: After indicates that one action happened subsequent to another.
3. Identify the type of conjunction used in the sentence: “Neither John nor Mary came to the party.”
Answer: Correlative Conjunction
Explanation: Neither…nor works in pairs to connect two items, hence it’s a correlative conjunction.
4. Complete the sentence: “You can borrow my car _______ you promise to drive carefully.”
Answer: if
Explanation: If introduces a condition that must be met for the action to occur.
5. What is the function of the conjunction “so” in the sentence: “It rained heavily, so we stayed indoors”?
Answer: To show a result or consequence.
Explanation: So connects a cause (it rained heavily) to its effect (we stayed indoors).
Essay
1. Explain the difference between coordinating conjunctions and subordinating conjunctions, providing examples for each type.
Answer: Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically similar elements (words, phrases, independent clauses), giving equal importance to the connected ideas. The main coordinating conjunctions are FANBOYS (For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So). Example: “I like apples, and she likes oranges.” Subordinating conjunctions, on the other hand, connect a dependent clause to an independent clause, showing a relationship of time, cause, condition, etc. The dependent clause cannot stand alone. Examples include: “because, although, while, if, unless, when, after, before.” Example: “Although it was raining, we went for a walk.” The key difference lies in the grammatical weight and independence of the clauses they connect.
Explanation: This answer clearly defines both types, lists common examples, and provides illustrative sentences, highlighting the core difference in how they link clauses and ideas.
2. Discuss the usage of correlative conjunctions. Give at least three examples and explain their specific functions.
Answer: Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together to connect grammatically similar elements, emphasizing the relationship between them. They always appear in pairs. Three examples include: 1. **Both…and**: Connects two equally important items. “She is both intelligent and kind.” (Connects two adjectives). 2. **Either…or**: Presents two alternatives or choices. “You can either call me or send a text message.” (Connects two verb phrases). 3. **Neither…nor**: Negates two options, meaning “not one and not the other.” “He is neither a doctor nor a lawyer.” (Connects two nouns). Other examples include “not only…but also” and “whether…or.” Their function is to create parallel structure and enhance clarity in expressing choices, inclusions, or exclusions.
Explanation: The answer defines correlative conjunctions, lists three examples with sentences, and explains their function, covering the core requirements.
3. How do conjunctions contribute to the coherence and complexity of sentences in English? Illustrate with an example of simple sentences transformed into a complex or compound sentence using conjunctions.
Answer: Conjunctions are vital for creating coherence and complexity in English sentences by establishing logical relationships between ideas. Without them, writing would consist of short, choppy sentences. They allow writers to show cause and effect, contrast, time sequence, condition, and more. This makes text flow smoothly and ideas connect meaningfully. **Example Transformation**: Simple sentences: “It rained heavily. The football match was canceled.” Compound sentence (using coordinating conjunction): “It rained heavily, so the football match was canceled.” (Shows cause-effect) Complex sentence (using subordinating conjunction): “Because it rained heavily, the football match was canceled.” (Shows reason) These transformations demonstrate how conjunctions elevate simple statements into more sophisticated and interconnected expressions, improving readability and depth of meaning.
Explanation: This answer explains the role of conjunctions in sentence structure and provides a clear, concise example of transforming simple sentences into more complex ones using different types of conjunctions.
4. Explain when to use “while” versus “whereas” as conjunctions, emphasizing the nuances in their meanings.
Answer: Both “while” and “whereas” are subordinating conjunctions, but they carry distinct nuances. **While**: Primarily indicates simultaneous actions or events (“He read a book while I cooked dinner”). It can also mean “although” or “in contrast to” when showing a mild contrast, especially when comparing two things happening or existing at the same time (“While she prefers tea, I prefer coffee”). **Whereas**: Is almost exclusively used to introduce a statement that contrasts with something previously stated, often in a formal or strong comparative manner. It emphasizes a direct opposition or difference between two facts or situations. “Some people enjoy spicy food, whereas others prefer mild flavors.” The key distinction is that “while” can denote time or a softer contrast, while “whereas” is reserved for direct, often stronger, contrasts or comparisons between two distinct facts.
Explanation: This answer differentiates “while” and “whereas” by explaining their primary uses (time vs. strong contrast) and providing clear examples for each, highlighting the subtle differences in their application.
5. Discuss the importance of parallel structure when using correlative conjunctions. Provide an example of both correct and incorrect parallel structure with these conjunctions.
Answer: Parallel structure is crucial when using correlative conjunctions because these conjunctions connect grammatically equal elements. Maintaining parallelism means that the grammatical form of the words, phrases, or clauses following each part of the correlative conjunction pair must be the same. This ensures clarity, balance, and readability in the sentence. Failing to use parallel structure can make a sentence awkward, confusing, and grammatically incorrect. **Example**: **Incorrect Parallel Structure**: “She not only enjoys reading books but also to watch movies.” (Here, “reading books” is a gerund phrase, while “to watch movies” is an infinitive phrase. They are not parallel.) **Correct Parallel Structure**: “She not only enjoys reading books but also watching movies.” (Both “reading books” and “watching movies” are gerund phrases, maintaining parallelism.) **Another Correct Example**: “She not only likes to read books but also to watch movies.” (Both are infinitive phrases.) This adherence to parallel structure ensures that the sentence flows well and the relationship between the connected elements is clear and grammatically sound.
Explanation: The answer explains the concept of parallel structure with correlative conjunctions, emphasizes its importance, and provides clear examples of both correct and incorrect usage to illustrate the point effectively.
Matching
1. Match the conjunction type on the left with its description on the right.
| Coordinating Conjunction | Connects words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal grammatical rank. |
| Subordinating Conjunction | Connects a dependent clause to an independent clause. |
| Correlative Conjunction | Works in pairs to connect grammatically similar elements. |
| For | A coordinating conjunction indicating reason. |
| Although | A subordinating conjunction showing concession. |
Answer: Match the conjunction type with its correct description.
Explanation: This matching exercise tests the understanding of different conjunction types and their basic definitions.
2. Match the conjunction on the left with the type of relationship it typically expresses on the right.
| Because | Cause/Reason |
| So | Result/Consequence |
| If | Condition |
| While | Time/Simultaneity |
| But | Contrast |
Answer: Match the given conjunction with the relationship it signifies.
Explanation: This exercise assesses the understanding of the semantic function of various conjunctions.